Memoes are released, disgusting behavior is highlighted, debate heats up, and investigations are ordered. But what about what is in the little nooks and crannies of these reports?
The first thing to recognize is that the CIA-OIG report is 5 years old. It was done for George Tenet. Before Porter Goss, before Michael Hayden, before Leon Panetta. Two years before the Democrats became the majority in the Congress. The year of the Hamdi and Rasul decisions, before the Hamdan decision, long before the Boumediene decision, when most of the country had never heard of common Article 3 or Uighurs, back right after Hassan Ghul was captured. The year Uzair Paracha was put on trial in New York. Four years before Aafia Siddiqui was shot and rendered to New York. The year before most of the names of the prisoners at Guantanamo Bay became known. While the black sites were still two years away from supposedly being closed. Back when Jack Goldsmith was rescinding John Yoo’s memo.
So it isn’t surprising the tone it takes towards opinions by the Office of Legal Counsel. They were still regarded as somehow impartial and circumspect, even though, on page 11, the footnote reads, "DoJ takes the position that as Commander-in-Chief, the President independently has the Article II constitutional authority to order the detention and interrogation of enemy combatants to gain intelligence information."But the parts that will probably fail to grab public attention come not from the electric drills or threats of death or sexual abuse, but from the "standard interrogation" section, the "effectiveness" section, and the memoes, the release of which was sought by Dick Cheney and other torture defenders, which "justify" the program and show its "effectiveness". Here we can learn something truly awful, and truly more damning about the perversion of American rule of law.First, the so called Standard Interrogation. On page 6 of the OIG report, footnote 6 explains the difference between a "debriefer" and an "interrogator", as follows:
Before 11 September(9/11) 2001, Agency personnel sometimes used the terms interrogation/interrogator and debriefing/debriefer interchangeably. The use of these terms has since evolved and, today, CTC more clearly distinguishes their meanings. A debriefer engages a detainee solely through question and answer. An interrogator is a person who completes a two-week interrogations training program, which is designed to train, qualify, and certify a person to administer EITs. An interrogator can administer EITs during an interrogation of a detainee only after teh field, in coordination with Headquarters, assesses the detainee as withholding information. An interrogator transitions the detainee from a non-cooperative to a cooperative phase in order that a debriefer can elicit actionable intelligence through non-aggressive techniques during debriefing sessions. An interrogator may debrief a detainee during an interrogation; however, a debriefer may not interrogate a detainee.
Just how important is this footnote? I would argue that this is the whole ball of wax in many ways. It distinguishes aggressive from non-aggressive sessions, clearly delimits the procedures that "transition the detainee from a non-cooperative to a cooperative phase", and absolves the subsequent "debriefing" of being information taken under torture or duress. This separation is reflected as well in the delineation of "standard techniques" from "enhanced interrogation techniques" (paragraphs 63,64, and the "box text" on page 15), the latter may only be applied by those who have been through a week of classroom and a week of "hands-on" training, and have to go through the "Seventh Floor" (p.31), meaning the office of the Director of Central Intelligence. We knew about this distinction from the Yoo and Bradbury memoes released in April, sleep deprivation, isolation, dietary manipulation, environmental manipulation, noise and light sensory deprivation techniques are "standard". Presumably, "debriefings" may be carried out during the use of these, and the only weighing in by the OMS (the CIA’s medical unit) was that the noise shouldn’t damage ears and if the period between sleep deprivations had been brief that notes needed to be taken.
They mix somehow with the enhanced interrogations, since we have known for some time that sleep deprivation was implemented by using stress position shackling to prevent sleep. For this purpose, people were allowed to be positioned standing for 72 hours straight (which led to at least one detainee death in Afghanistan), and we learn in this document for the first time that when they wrote and used the guidelines saying that hands were to be shackled not higher than shoulder height that this meant while handcuffed behind the detainee’s back. In essence, this is strappado if the prisoner falls asleep, and we see documented one instance when someone "expressed concerns that Al-Nashiri’s arms might be dislocated from his shoulders" (paragraph 97), once when they were having trouble putting him in position. We aren’t told whether or not the stress positions that a prisoner is in to implement the "standard interrogation technique" of sleep deprivation are considered "enhanced interrogation techniques".
Consider these distinctions: What was done to break a prisoner, together with all deprivation techniques, were considered normal, and the interrogation was temporally separated from the torture and performed by a different agent. This runs throughout the whole interrogation system for "terrorists". We see it at Guantanamo, where lawyers for those charged before the military commissions complained that the prisoners broken by isolation and "frequent flyer" and other programs and tortures were then questioned by "rapport building" later by FBI agents in preparation for their trials. A prisoner who has broken can be questioned by legal techniques as some kind of "clean room" technique that isolates the information gathered from the fact that it is gathered by first breaking a human being by torture. The concerns that the FBI had in 2002 during the initial questioning of Abu Zubaydah (see the DOJ-OIG report on FBI behavior at Guantanamo, Iraq and Afghanistan), disappears.
And it fails to ever come to court. The efficacy document listed at the Washington Post as the "Detainee Report" proudly reports (p.12),
Soon after his arrest, KSM described an Ohio-based truck driver whom the FBI identified as Iyman Faris, and who was already under suspicion for his contacts with al-Qa’ida operative Majid Khan. The FBI and CIA shared intelligence from interviews of KSM, Khan, and Faris on a near real-time basis and quickly ascertained that Faris had met and accepted operational taskings from KSM on several occasions. Faris is currently serving a 20-year sentence for conspiracy and material support to a terrorist organization.
KSM’s revelation in March 2003 that he was plotting with Sayf al-Rahman Paracha — who also used teh name Saifullah al-Rahman Paracha — to smuggle explosives into the United States for a planned attack in New York prompted the FBI to investigate Paracha’s business ties in the United States. The investigation also involved questioning Paracha’s son, Uzair Paracha, in New York and resulted in designating in May 2003 Sayf al-Rahman Paracha an enemy combatant. Sayf al-Rahman Paracha entered into U.S. custody in July 2003, and Uzair was indicted in the Federal Court in Manhattan. Sayf al-Rahman Paracha remains in detention at Guantanamo Bay.
But the document "Khalid Shaykh Muhammad" also at the Washington Post, says that KSM only was forthcoming with details about a Heathrow Airport plot upon capture, because he knew that Ramzi bin al Shibh was already in custody, and the CIA-OIG further informs that,
On the other hand, Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, an accomplished resistor, provided only a few intelligence reports prior to the use of the waterboard, and analysis of the information revealed that much of it was outdated, inaccurate, or incomplete. As a means of less active resistance, at the beginning of their interrogation, detainees routinely provide information that they know is already known. Khalid Shaykh Muhammad received 183 applications of teh waterboard in March 2003.
For those who are unaware, those provided the initial links to Majid Khan, the Parachas, Iyman Faris, Aafia Siddiqui, Amman al Baluchi, and others. It is not an accident that the name Aafia Siddiqui shows up nowhere, even in discussions of the initial plot she was supposed to have participated in, in these documents. Linda Moreno, Charles Swift, and Elaine Sharpe should get their hands on the unredacted documents as soon as they can, and question the entire terrorist framework that is being built around their client, Aafia Siddiqui. Evidence procured through torture is inadmissible to any court whatsoever.
And interrogations, whether characterized as "debriefings", or as "standard interrogation techniques", or as "interviews", that use third degree tactics, lights, restraints, long interrogations, sleep deprivation, or underlying threats and coercions (like interrogating a prisoner while in restraints in a hospital for more than two weeks day in and day out while she has no idea about the whereabouts of her children, and believes the interrogators can affect those children’s treatment) are no cleaner when done by rapport building by the FBI in Craig Field Hospital than they are when done at a black site by telling KSM, "We’re going to kill your children."
While we’re calling on Eric Holder to expand the scope beyond a handful of bad apples, we might also consider asking him to investigate the use of information derived from torture in U.S. courts of law. Even if it lacks the headline grabbing ambience of an electric drill.



26 Comments







I’m pretty sure that lawyers will be lining up to represent anyone claiming to have had information obtained through torture admitting in evidence against them.
I wish this were true. José Padilla is doing 30 years to life for his participation in a plot concocted by Abu Zubaydah under torture. Michelle Malkin even found the satire site where Abu Zubaydah got the part about putting yellowcake in a bucket with a clothesline on it and swinging it around your head to centrifuge uranium into weapons grade materials. Padilla was kept in sensory deprivation for years. None of that matters, not the fact that the plot is absurd, not the fact that it was elicited with waterboarding. The current line on such people is that they prove that the justice system is capable of dealing with terrorists by being in ADX Florence. Torture is a valid source of indictments, accusations, combatant status classifications and plots, as long as the person accused is labeled a terrorist before entering the courtroom.
Is Padilla precluded from filing appeals? I remember his mother saying that they planned to file.
No, he’s not precluded as far as I know. My point was that there is not any barrier to using the information, there is no barrier to a conviction no matter how ludicrous the information, and there is no obstacle to a life sentence for that conviction no matter what the actual offense. In short, torture is legal in court as long as someone is labeled a terrorist before they walk into the courtroom, and carries an automatic life sentence in a tomb in Colorado, and has not as much appeal to lawyers to change that on their own dime as it might seem.
As it’s been a while since I studied our legal system, perhaps my understanding is outdated, but I’m still laboring under the impression that while convictions can be improperly obtained, they can also be overturned.
When last I checked, our exclusionary rules for improperly obtained evidence were still the broadest extant, despite Scalia’s best efforts.
The are not only not the broadest, but when you allow something like the DOJ press conf they conducted on Padilla prior to turning him over to the court system, the pool is horribly tainted. Compare and contrast what happened as a result of the Nifong presser with what happened as a result of the Padilla presser. Both about things that were never charged.
Also, the ability to appeal once someone is finally turned over to the court system has a couple of huge hurdles now. First is ever getting anyone turned over. You may have noticed the Obama approach to forever detentions without trial is the same as Bush’s, or worse. They are now using Bagram to disappear detainees, since they are hoping that it being an active war zone (even though people they are sending there came from non-war zones) will result in a different habeas ruling than GITMO.
But rulings aside, court after court has ordered releases from GITMO, often for things like torture evidence, and the rulings have been ignored for years and there is only compliance when it suits Obama or Bush diplomatically. They pretty much treat the court rulings as non-events.
The other hurdle is how you ever get someone who has been disappeared and tortured for years, and is now being held by the same powers that disappeared and tortured them, and under an administration that claims the same rights to disappear into forever detention without charges as the fall back to trials and courts – how can someone like that ever assist in their defense or with their later appeal? How will they ever be able to trust their attorneys or the system?
How can any of us trust anything that comes from such a system and such leadership?
Always good to hear from you as well as learn. I would be grateful for any pointers to where I might find a legal system with broader exclusion.
Regarding Padilla; he’s already been taken over the hurdles, has he not? Isn’t he imprisoned somewhere from which he can get help in appealing the evidentiary basis for his conviction? Whether or not he will trust his attorney or the court system wouldn’t seem to be likely to preclude filing.
What does exclusion mean? Forgive me for constantly falling back on the Siddiqui v. U.S.A., I have made a study of it for more than a year now, daily, and can say more about it than José Padilla. She was arrested in Ghazni on July 17, 2008, a week and a half after people made noises about her being the mysterious Grey Lady of Bagram, Prisoner 650.
On July 18th, in circumstances that were disputed at the time and may be again in court, she was shot twice in the torso, she lost consciousness and was transported to Craig Field Hospital at Bagram, where part of her intestines, and possibly one kidney and possibly her spleen were removed because of the “non-life threatening” injury she sustained.
Beginning July 19th, and for every day until she was transported from Craig to Brooklyn MDC, she was “interviewed” by the FBI, while she was recovering from surgery, while in restraints, and while in what has been alleged to be a 24/7 lighted room. During this time, her son Ahmed was in custody of the Afghan NDS or the U.S. military, in prison at 11 years old but she did not know where he was. Her other two children, as we have ben discussing, are missing. The transcript of this psychologist’s report, at Appendix I, shows interview notes for every single day except one, July 28th, and the transcripts of this one, at page 4, shows that missing day as well. The text of the competency decision shows that these FBI reports were relied on heavily by the court in the decision, and that the court discussed, with psychologists Sally C. Johnson and Gregory Saathoff, whether or not the observed behavior was just a manifestation of her “jihadi mentality”. The decision also records that she was read Miranda rights in court in August, after all the FBI interviews had been completed in Afghanistan, where she had neither a judicial hearing for extradition, nor consular access.
Court records also show that the prosecution has entered depositions seeking linkage between her case and that of Uzair Paracha’s and alerts the court to her supposed al Qaeda status.
The newspapers widely reported “outbursts” in court during her hearings, the court’s decision interprets these as attempts to “malinger”, when in fact the proceedings transcript (180pp., which I have, but is not online) shows she spoke out only when they were moving to a new witness or between examinations of witnesses, she was attempting, as she saw it, to clarify the record, and was not given an opportunity to speak at the competency hearing, which the court states in its opinion is her right.
I know (I think, I’m not a lawyer) what exclusion means and what exclusionary rules are. I also know that the U.S. DOJ has worked overtime to drive a wedge between torture and CIDT because it believes the latter is both legally acquired if overseas, and is not banned by the CAT for evidence in legal proceedings (the latter is, in fact, true for that particular treaty). I submit that the cameras she says “killed her” are those which recorded the FBI interviews, not the strip search, contrary to what the psychologists and the court say, because she says repeatedly that there were three, and that configuration indicates not the camera that was brought in when force was used at Brooklyn MDC, but the room at Craig Field Hospital in Bagram. She relates previous interrogations, which are, of course disputed, as they were during her disappearance, she has thoughts that are otherwise delusional about being forced to sign or admit to things and being drugged.
Her symptoms are quite consistent with torture, her manipulations (and there were some) were quite consistent with bargaining for her children, even the judge asked whether her conditions at Brooklyn MDC might provoke symptoms consistent with extreme isolation, she has been given no test for torture, rather it is ruled out by an interview process of unknown duration and intensity in a foreign country without rights while in restraints and missing her children and at an unknown level of physical and psychological stress and duress.
My point isn’t about the rights that terror suspects have by the books, or that torture victims have by the books. It’s about the rights they really have, and under the latter, I fail to see how any exclusionary rule applies, especially when one goes on trial for a plot that was elicited under torture from a person in enforced disappearance in a black site. My direct point in this piece is that evidence elicited under very mundane present circumstances may in fact be capitalizing on the broken personality resulting from past torture, and/or the perceived present ability of the present “interviewers” to carry out a past very illegal threat. I don’t see how the temporal discontinuity makes everything legal under CAT.
The EXCLUSIONary rule.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusionary_rule
You’re aware that Paracha lost on appeal as well? And Siddiqui was rendered in broad daylight by the FBI, no clandestine anything and no adherence to international law? What you’ve pointed to is what I am aware of. I am wondering if you can point to one of these cases for which it has won in court? That would not include habeas pleadings from Guantanamo, only things like Padilla, Paracha, al Marri, etc. My recollection is none has, is it wrong?
Respectfully, the cases that go to court are the ones where the defendants aren’t expected to win. The way it, ahem, works, is that the doubtful cases never get presented.
I surely don’t see anything requiring forgiveness. That was a wonderful recitation of Siddiqui’s travails since 2008.
I understand and agree with most everything you’re saying about her not receiving the full rights accorded to Americans.
I would also be interested in any information that you have concerning what she was doing prior to 2008.
Then I can prepare another post on her, pre-2008 if you like, although anyone writing about 2003-2008 has at least some holes that need to be filled. I have this much written elsewhere,
http://humanityagainstcrimes.b…..a+Siddiqui
As for me personally, the short version is that I believe she was in custody under U.S. control for the period just following her disappearance at least until 2005. From then on, she was either in custody continuously from March 29, 2003 continuously until just before she was arrested in Ghazni, or she was put in the streets to disappear and die in Muzzaffarabad right after the earthquake, and re-imprisoned later. I believe that substantial portions of her incarceration were under black site conditions or worse, involving extensive solitary confinement. I don’t know which son was pictured lying in blood, but the youngest is believed to have died of untreated disease in custody. There are rumors the daughter was sold.
As for the arrest, she was shot twice in the torso in two shots with a handgun, which does not match with her being struggling on the floor for control of a rifle at the time the shots were fired, the Ghazni police version in which she approached the Americans unarmed attempting to complain is more likely. What was in her hand bag, I agree with Thomas Kucharski, is either a sign of severe delusional disorder rather than a credible plot, or was produced some other way, possibly in captivity and isolation. Otherwise, it doesn’t make any sense, given her educational background.
A post about her would be welcomed by me, ondelette. I would love to know how it all started.
Dear Ondelette and Mary,
Once more I wish to tell you of my highest regard for your continuous and continual stand for Dr Siddiqui’s tragic plight and that of her small children. Regardless of all the legalese and twisted talk, this woman and these children have been denied their inborn right to human dignity. It is probable that her children have been denied the most basic right, that of Life itself.
About that quote I’ll speak plainly, Ondelette. Dr. Siddiqui had been imprisoned and mistreated, and from her dazed state when picked up in front of the government building, apparently drugged. IMO, the contents of her handbag were planted there by those who framed her, wrongly captured her, and who had to cover their own wrongdoing and “justify” it by planted evidence against her.
IMO, Dr. Siddiqui’s first misfortune was to be born a woman with an exceptional mental ability. She dared come out from behind that burka, to educate herself, to separate from an abusing, control freak-husband; to rise above the station of a slave.
Just as those shots that rang out in Dealy Plaza in Dallas, Texas on 11/22/1963 was a threat/warning to all future presidents of America, so is Dr. Siddiqui’s sadistic treatment a warning to all Mid-Eastern women of the consequences of daring to equal the position of the males in power.
Dr. Siddiqui’s credentials prove that she had advanced far beyond the average person’s ability to understand in a field that is almost beyond comprehension. Those who are threatened by such intelligence must disparage such a person, call them “crazy” and, indeed, make them so if all else fails.
I am truly grateful, Ondelette and Mary, for each and every one of your statements in keeping attention focused on the unspeakable injustices committed against Dr. Siddiqui and her children, and its clear threat to all women who dare to become all that they can be.
Your knowledge of torture and the detainees is amazing. As is your ability to see things in the details that others can’t find. The M$M is just as complicit as Cheney in justifying the breaking of national and international law and then totally ignoring the damage to our law and international credibility or even worse the human cost. If you can stand to watch it, here is the top CIA spokesman/insider WaPo’s David Ignatius on Morning Joe today as a prime example.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30…..2#32550512
ondelette, you really know how to weave the timeline into the narrative so that it all makes sense.
In fact, one of the reporters on NPR this afternoon commented that it was lack of a tmeline in the Cheney reports that were released, too, that made it impossible for them to validate his claim of getting worthwhile and actionable intelligence through torture. (She didn’t use that word then, but did use it this morning.)
Great work, ondelette. I also was horrified by that same footnote. To think that professional interrogators who have based their entire careers on rapport-building were pushed aside for Blackwater contractors who took a two week course on how to wipe out a person’s mind is just maddening.
Great background to this; some pieces of the puzzle are fitting better for me. I confess to being guardedly optimistic that this SP investigation can’t help but lead somewhere. My hope lies in the fact that Cheney is finally doing things that can’t help but make the unflappable Obama mad. I wouldn’t do that if I were Cheney.
Thank you, ondelette. Recommended. I am so glad to learn that Dr Aafia has a new team of attorneys. I hope they are merciless experts, ones who would have ripped slimeball Mucasey to shreds. I wish her case could be moved out of that CIA court in VA.
I wonder if Obama and Holder realize that a Mack truck of world opinion is headed straight for them?
Thank you for your long and strong standing against the injustice of this tragic case.
They know. They were hoping that she would not get decent lawyers, I think. Linda and Charles..Aafia’s brother picked them. He did good!
***************
“4th February 2009
Dear Mr President,
Re: Dr Aafia Siddiqui
Detainee Number: 90279-054
Detainee at: Carswell Federal Medical Centre, PO Box 27137, Fort Worth, Texas, TX 76127, USA
I would like to take this opportunity, once again, to commend your recent move to close Guantanamo Bay within one year. However I would like to draw your attention to the case of Dr Aafia Siddiqui, who has been detained by the US since March 2003.
Dr Siddiqui was detained at Bagram Airbase from March 2003, and was later transferred to detention centres within the United States of America, although the Authorities have always denied holding her from this date.
It is alleged that Dr Siddiqui attempted to murder US nationals, officers and employees, in July 2008, who allegedly suffered multiple assaults. Furthermore, it is claimed that Aafia was found to be in possession of a weapon while in Afghan custody, where it is alleged she attacked US personnel.
Mr President, Dr Siddiqui has been in custody for almost 6 years and has not been put on trial for the charges against her. Dr Siddiqui vehemently denies all the charges against her.
Whilst in custody, Dr Siddiqui has sustained severe injuries which have not been treated, including a bullet wound to her abdomen. Various psychiatry reports have concluded that Dr Siddiqui is not mentally or physically fit to stand trial. I have attempted to make arrangements with the American Embassy in the United Kingdom in order for a small delegation to visit Dr Siddiqui in the USA, but to no avail.
I would like to request that your office looks into this matter as soon as possible, and since Dr Siddiqui was arrested in Pakistan, ask that she be repatriated to Pakistan, her country of origin.
If you require any further information please do not hesitate to contact me.
I look forward to your earliest reply.
Yours sincerely,
Lord Ahmed of Rotherham “
Thank you, ondelette. IMO if Obama truly wants to heal the ill will with the Mulsim world he will take an interest publicly in Dr. Siddiqui’s case. At least an announcement that he has brought it to Holder’s attention; that it should be resolved ASAP in light of the fact that she has been imprisoned without charge for 6 years. He should also demand answers from CIA/FBI as to the whereabouts of her 2 small children.
It boggles my mind that America is responsible for this happening to this tiny, defenseless woman. Cowardly bullies hardly describes those responsible in any way for these unthinkable atrocities.
her 2 surviving small children. Didn’t one die in custody? Was it her baby, 6 months old when snatched?
Yes, her baby son, Sulemon, was 6 months old and still nursing when they were captured. Most folks presume that the two smallest (a girl was 4 years old) are dead, but actually nothing is really known of them.
What a shining chapter forever logged into America’s history; a tiny, nursing baby and a 4 year old girl treated as worst of the worst turrirists. And why??..because their mother’s name was tortured out of a man who rattled off many names and confessed to outlandish schemes to knuckledraggers who could not discern truth from lies.
Thank you so much for this piece.
Your ability to convey the information in an easily assimilated manner is much appreciated…
Of particular note is the fact that you do not make yourself the center of the story.
How refreshing to see the focus on the importance of the information,reporting the story rather than representing yourself.
VERY professional.
Than you for this diary Ondelette. It may not get the attention it warrants with other things happening today. If it does not, I hope you can repost it in a few days – the downside of the blogosphere can be how passing and momentary so many things become.
@1 – of course, most of those victimized by the use of tortured evidence haven’t been given much access to trials and lawyers before they themselves become victimized. Aafia Siddiqui’s children have no lawyer lining up for them here. KSM’s children have no lawyer lining up for them here. Khalid el-Masri was denied any court access to proving his torture or inquiring into the prior torture upon which it might have been based and his children, who only knew that their father disappeared originally and who now know that they belong to a class of people the US can pick up and disappear and torture at whim and without murmer from the American people or the AMerican courts – have no lawyer lining up for them. The 20ish yo who was tortued to death by hypothermia and other techniques, then whose body was quickly hidden away in Afghanistan has no lawyer lining up. Maher Arar’s lawyers have not been allowed to have access to the information on how a young, possibly juvenile, GITMO “detainee” was “interrogated” into identifying Arar as having been at a terrorist camp he could never have been at and what had been done to the detainee in the months before that identification. The thousands and thousands and thousands in our Iraqi and Afghan detention facilities over the better part of a decade have not had lawyers lining up.
Most of the worst of the ripples from torture don’t end up in court. Especially if the torturers never end up there.