The Cross is universally recognized as a symbol of the Christian faith. Like all good symbols it communicates a wealth of information. While there are literally thousands of different interpretations of just what Christianity is, and what being a Christian means, and how that it purports to affect the behavior of those who claim it as their faith, the Cross has become the umbrella– the icon–of all Christians.
Its history is in many ways the story of humanity and Empire.
The Romans were not the first State to use crucifixion, nor sadly was it the last, but they are forever linked to and identified by its use as a method of execution. For at least several thousand years before the time of Christ, and for hundreds of years after, the mere sight of the Cross was cause for immediate fear.
There were any of a number of forms of execution practiced in Roman time. Poisoning was common, but this was usually reserved for the Elite, who were given the option of taking their own lives for capital offenses. Another, less common, was the straightforward beheading. This was considered to be the most humane of all executions, and was reserved for citizens of Empire. In fact, to demand death by beheading was the right of any Roman citizen. Needless to say, most of those who lived in the Roman Empire were not citizens of the Roman Empire.
The populations of all lands and nations conquered by Rome, all slaves, all artisans, all tradesmen, were possessions of Rome, to be used or discarded as necessary.
These were the ones for whom execution could be exercised in more … creative ways. These were subject to being put to death in the Stadium, at the hands of a Gladiator or by means of ravenous wild animals. But this method of execution became more a form of entertainment than a statement of authority. And there was also being torn apart by means of being tied to horses or chariots facing in different directions, or being burned to death. Nero elevated this to a sort of performance art by using the condemned as living torches to light his gardens.
While all of these methods were gruesome and painful they were also of relatively short duration. As such their use was of little value in terms of making a lasting impression on the oppressed. Death was, after all, a daily and public occurrence. Children who grew up watching death as entertainment grew into adults for whom witnessing death had very little chance of making a lasting impression.
Crucifixion, that is to say the process and ritual of crucifixion, stood alone in its ability to make a lasting impression. When done correctly the suffering and agony of the condemned could be prolonged for hours, sometimes days. It was the highest expression of inhumane brutality. As such, its use became a symbol, that carried a great deal of information.
Rome did not waste this form of execution on the likes of common thieves, petty crooks, even murderers, for fear that its singular message would be diminished. Crucifixion was reserved for enemies of Empire, those who dared to oppose it, who dared to call for resistance or rebellion. Death by crucifixion was used to enforce the power of Empire.
It was not a message to be ignored. Oppose Rome and not only will you suffer and die, but your suffering will be as prolonged and enhanced as possible, and your death will come only after hours or days of intense public agony. So in its time, the Cross could instantly instill fear and compel obedience in all but the most foolhardy. Crucifixion, and its tool of the Cross, was a statement of faith in Empire.
In the early days of Christianity the symbol of the fish was the faith’s icon. It was only after the passing of a few centuries when the faithful began to use the sign of the Cross, to claim it for their own and to impose a different meaning on it.
The Drone is quickly and universally becoming recognized as a symbol of the American Nation. Like all good symbols it communicates a wealth of information. While there are literally thousands of different interpretations of just what the Drone is used for, and what its use means, and how it use impacts the behavior of, and expresses the morality of, both those who support or oppose it, the Drone is becoming the umbrella–the icon–of all Americans.
Its development represents long and focused intellect, countless hours of labor and trillions of dollars spent. It is the height of ingenuity–streamlined, efficient, and easy to use. For that reason alone it can be said to represent an American ideal. Never mind that ultimately it is only a weapon of death and destruction; there are many who would claim it is an American ideal because it is a weapon of death and destruction.
The Americans are not the first to use a form of mechanized death, but sadly for humanity, they may well be the last. Sadly because mechanized death may ultimately help to spell the end of humankind. What can be said is that the drone represents in all important ways The Empire of America.
The history of war–some might say the history of humankind–is the development of machines of death that create ever more distance between the combatant and his enemy. The bare hand gave way to the rock, to the spear, to the bow and arrow, the crossbow, the catapult. All provided a distance and a superiority in combat.
Gunpowder was originally used as a relatively harmless form of entertainment, to make little rockets that made pretty explosions in the air and in the form of firecrackers to make loud noises for celebrations of State. It was swiftly used to make ever-bigger rockets and bigger bombs whose purpose was death and destruction. The technology rapidly expanded to develop guns and bigger guns, and then the technologies were combined to become jet-powered rockets, missiles gave way to guided missiles.
And ultimately it all coalesced in the drone, both a weapon of war and a method of execution.
Like crucifixion, the drone and its use carries a message and a warning. The message is that the government of the United States as embodied in the office of the President of The United States claims the right to execute anyone, at any time. The warning is that to oppose the Empire of America is to assure swift death without charges, due process, or judicial oversight. And more, it is the application of the death sentence that by its very nature assures not only the death of the supposed enemy but the death of his friends, family, and neighbors as well with no regard as to their guilt or innocence.
As such, use of the drone represents faith. Faith in the rightness of America, faith in the ascendency of our way of life, faith in the government and its Elected Representatives to do what is right in the name of its people.
To support the use of drones, for whatever reason, is to profess faith in American Empire. To allow or excuse the use of drones, for whatever reason, is to unmistakably stand on the side of Empire.
The Cross–”‘He who is not for me is against me.”
The Drone–”He who does not oppose me supports me.”
In both cases you cannot be half in, half out. You cannot choose to support a part of the faith and reject another part.
It is the quandary and the moral dilemma of this generation. Any opposition to Empire while you remain a citizen of Empire is meaningless. Where is your faith?



7 Comments

I found your comparison between Rome’s use of crucifixion and Washington’s use of the drone compelling, and I agree with it. Where it breaks down, in my view, is when you compare cross and drone as symbols of faith.
You point out that at first the fish was the symbol of faith for early Christians – this was because the Greek word for fish indicated (as do LOL and other letter combinations for texters) a Christian message in shorthand. When the cross replaced the fish, the efficacy of the symbol standing for the Christian message was not, as the drone now is, a fearful thing to people of faith, but a joyful one of the overcoming of death, the freedom to symbolize that – so it is hard to see faith in the current context of drones. (We are still in the ‘fish’ stage of our journey, still very much aware of the horrors in our skies.)
I think for the drone to become a symbol of faith could only happen were it to be emblazoned upon the shirt of a protestor, like the brave women from Code Pink, as she or he celebrates the end of war and the coming of peace. That would be a shirt I would wear. That would be a faith I would embrace. That would be a symbol of faith – “Drones no more!”
Drones–the ultimate absurdity. As far as symbols go they are just a more expensive version of the magnetic yellow ribbons that were so popular with “patriotic” idiots in the early years of this century. Now Washington has upped the ante with Drones.
Recently Arlington Texas, a blue collar community between Dallas and Ft. Worth purchased not one but two drones for their community of 385,000 people.
The government officials should all be fired–at the least, if not put in jail.
Sale of drones, like sale of guns, makes money for the investor class. It has little to do with “protecting our freedoms” and much more to do with making a few very rich while robbing the majority–of our “freedom” to invest our tax money in creation of jobs that pay a living wage and our “freedom” to crawl out of the economic hole that the investor class have dug for the rest of us.
These so called “leaders” of Arlington Texas foolishly spent taxpayer money that should have been spent in efforts to create LOCAL jobs that pay a living wage. They chose instead to support a corporation located in Utah whose stock is sold on Wall Street when less than 21% of all Americans even have a 401K (and probably even a smaller percentage in Arlington TX) much less have any significant amount of their money in the stock market. Government leaders all over the USA are a disgrace to the people they were elected to represent and that goes quadruple for state and national officials.
When will this change? It will change the day the majority of voters start asking candidates: “AND HOW MUCH OF YOUR NET WORTH DO YOU HAVE INVESTED IN WALL STREET?” because more than anything else, a candidate’s Wall Street investments predict their voting records.
Party is largely a smoke screen created by the investor class.
Well, one can make various comparisons.I don’t think there’s anything more benign about the Star of David than the cross, for example. Both are symbols of societies with a lot of power who are making life difficult for people in the Middle East. The problem people there have with the Star of David is reflected in the multi-year struggle over the acceptance of the Israeli branch of the International Red Cross, where for many years Arabs would not countenance it. I think they finally agreed to have it in principal, since American Jewry was insisting on it with their money, as long as the locals would go along with it. That was the compromise as I understand it.
I mean the essay above gets at the irony of the cross, although it would have been nice to see your references. But anyhow, point well taken. I guess I’m just trying to add that this same sort of point could be made, just as appropriately, with other symbols, especially the Star of David. But maybe it could also be made with Coca Cola, or Caterpillar. But those are debatable, too.
Interesting analogy. I agree with the part about both the cross and the drone being symbols of Empire, but I don’t get the “he who does not oppose me supports me” part being the message of the American drone. On the contrary, the message is “Oppose the American Empire and this may happen to You,” which is the exact same message of the Roman cross.
I’m not sure about the “faith” part, either. Right now, partisan Democrats are far more likely to have faith in the goodness of drone decision-makers than anyone else. When a Republican gets in the White House, that will change.
Maybe the drone is also a symbol of arrogance and hypocrisy. Guess the cross was, too.
Thought-provoking post, and therefore recc’d.
Er: ‘Any opposition to Empire while you remain a citizen of Empire is meaningless. Where is your faith?’
What? We’re supposed to leave the US or our objections are meaningless? I find a lot of fault with that idea.
Seems you cross-posted to opednews.com; cool.
Highly ritualized public executions are intended to be a deterrent against, in this case, opposition to empire or attacks on imperial armies. Both war and forceful punishments are intended to be education “by other means” as Clausewitz delicately put it.
The US had to get the fact that it was torturing prisoners at Guantanamo out for it to be a deterrent in spite of the fact that those actions were contrary to international law. The Bush administration’s refusal to sign the Rome treaty was the first act in that drama.
The same is true of President Obama’s use of drones. It has to be a widely known fact that targeted killings are going on for it to be a deterrent. But don’t tell the American people that the US has conducted over 4000 drone strikes against “al Quaeda commanders”. They might get the the idea that either (1) al Quaeda has become huge to have so many commanders or (2) those drone strikes have been relatively indiscriminate, often killing innocent people. The US empire has a conflict in using executions symbolically that the Roman empire did not have.
What the Christian movement did was turn the symbolism upside-down to the point that it was a powerful enough threat to be co-opted by the Roman emperor. And the sanitized version of the cross is the reference point for crusades against Islam for a thousand years. The religious collaborators of the Romans in the execution of Christianity’s primal hero have their counterparts today in the religious justifiers of targeted killings.
When there is an Islamic sect that starts using the symbolism of death by drones as part of its rituals, watch out. Well, gee, that won’t happen, will it? Islamic radical iconoclasm and all that.
You don’t have to leave the country to stop being a Citizen of Empire.
What are your objections- and how are you voicing them?
Still counting on your elected representative to pay attention to your phone calls or petitions? You’re still a citizen of Empire.
Still believing that your vote means a thing to the agenda of the billionaires? You’re still a citizen of Empire.
Still remaining silent, still refusing to risk your credit rating, or arrest, or your comfort? You’re still a citizen of Empire.
Your objections are completely valid. How are you making them known? If you’re using the system given you by Empire- then you are a part of Empire.