Because this post is running ridiculously long, I’m going to open with an Executive Summary:
By agreeing to speak no ill of the public option concept, the Congressional Progressive Caucus and likeminded others (categorized below as “public option pragmatists”) help ensure that the only critiques most Americans hear of this flawed idea come from corporatists and lunatics. In the process they facilitate the further marginalization of the solution they, and most Americans, support: profit-purged (aka single-payer) health care financing.
Instead of lashing out at single-payer advocates who criticize the public option concept, they would do better to incorporate those critiques into their core messaging. This would help them better communicate why they would prefer a single-payer system, if it were achievable, and it would in no way detract from their strategic advocacy for the least defective (ie, maximally single-payer-ready) public option possible. It would also open up space for positions such as the “single payer trigger” that could increase their negotiating leverage versus more capitulatory Democratic proposals.
The spectrum of politically engaged people and groups who agree that our nation would be best served by a single-payer health financing system subdivides broadly into three groups:
Public option boosters, who acknowledge the superiority of single payer in hushed tones, but who take most of their cues from the President and DNC. Like the President, they vehemently deny that a health reform system that incorporates a public option could, would, or should in any way serve as a transitional step toward single payer. Not only will they not lift a finger in support of single-payer advocacy, but they actively work to exclude single payer proponents and arguments from public discourse. The national leadership (as distinct from constituent groups and individuals) of Healthcare for America Now (HCAN) exemplifies this faction.
Public option pragmatists, who openly, even eloquently, declare their preference for single payer but have placed single-payer advocacy on hold in light of the crushing unlikelihood that it could pass this year. Instead, they work to ensure that any public option plan that does pass is as “robust” (ie, Medicare-like) as possible. Unlike the public option boosters, many public option pragmatists feel no compunction about expressing their desire to see a public option system ultimately transition to full single payer.
Although public option pragmatists may criticize weakened “compromise” public option formulations (such as that put forward by Senator Schumer), they join with the public option boosters in never publicly questioning the twin putative virtues of public option: 1) free “choice” of insurance plans and 2) the capacity of “competition” from a public plan to “keep private health insurers honest.” In fact, with surprising ferocity, they may attack more ardent single-payer advocates who publicly cast doubt on those virtues. The Congressional Progressive Caucus, or at least those working to enable them to speak with one voice, exemplifies this group, along with individual advocates such as the indefatigable (and IMHO, indispensable) Daily Kos diarist slinkerwink.
Single-payer stalwarts, who continue to push vociferously for single payer, as embodied in John Conyers’s HR 676, despite the dim odds of its passage this year. Many of these advocates have been on the case since the Clinton years or before. Far from monolithically “leftist” (not that there’s anything wrong with that), this group includes heavy representation among doctors and nurses, including at least two former editors of the New England Journal of Medicine. Core groups in this constituency include Physicians for a National Health Program (PNHP), the California Nurses Association/National Nurses Organizing Committee (CNA/NNOC), Healthcare Now! (older than, and decidedly unaffiliated with, HCAN), Progressive Democrats of America (PDA), and Single Payer Action.
Most single-payer stalwarts are furious at Obama and mainstream Democratic leaders for willfully excluding them from participation in forums and hearings on health care reform, especially considering that HR 676 has some 80 cosponsors and that poll data show 60% support for national health insurance among both physicians and the public at large. Most are also, if not furious at, at least disappointed in organizations such as moveon.org and Democracy for America for signing on early to the HCAN coalition and so abandoning strong single-payer advocacy before it could begin to gain traction in current deliberations.
Single payer stalwarts, unlike the public option pragmatists (much less the public option boosters), freely express grave misgivings about the viability of a public option plan, even if “robust.”
* They point out that even the strongest public option plan will preserve the structural defects – namely, the primacy of for-profit insurers and the infrastructures necessary to deal with them – responsible for so many of the medical and economic horrors highlighted in SickO and repeated many thousandfold each day.
* They note that the economies and social equities inherent in profit-purged systems have been demonstrated repeatedly in real-world examples outside the United States, whereas the benefits of a government/for-profit hybrid remain highly theoretical.
* Moreover, they worry that public disillusionment with a public option system, once its natural defects become manifest, will damage the credibility of government-based financing reform efforts generally, and so weaken rather than strengthen future prospects for a transition to single payer.
I’ve gone to the trouble of characterizing this taxonomy because I believe some interactions between the public option pragmatists and the single-payer stalwarts have become unnecessarily toxic and I think I may have some constructive suggestions in this regard. I do so transparently from my perspective as a single-payer stalwart, which is why when I call the above the “candor continuum,” you don’t need to guess which stretch of the spectrum I view as offering maximum candor.
All three factions make valuable contributions. You can link to this comment for much of what angers me about HCAN, but the organization has certainly done yeoman work in exposing and directing mainstream media attention toward health care swiftboating efforts, nouveau Harry and Louise campaigns, and Frank Luntz Rethug talk points.
Although the organization has generally tried to play nice with so-called centrist Democrats (earlier this year its web site contained a page allowing people to send “thank-you in advance” notes to Max Baucus for “taking on” health care; I can’t find it anymore), they have had no choice but to oppose Ben Nelson and his 7-year trigger and, more recently, Kent Conrad’s coop nonstarter. However, once a Democrat declares affinity with a public option scheme, even a crappy, capitulatory version like Chuck Schumer’s, they generally consider him or her safely within the fold.
Regarding the public-option pragmatists, let me stipulate that I loves me some Congressional Progressive Caucus, which represents the best we’ve got in the House. Most of the cosponsors of HR 676, after all, belong to the CPC. And I loves me some American Progressive Caucus Policy Foundation (APCPF), co-founded by Darcy Burner, who could not have chosen a more creative and constructive career alternative following her paper-thin loss in her recent run for Congress.
APCPF has been working with the CPC to help the caucus, which far outnumbers the disproportionately influential Blue Dogs, act more strategically as a bloc to exert meaningful leverage in Congress on a range of issues. My sense is that herding cats does not do justice to the difficulty of this effort, unless we’re talking about these bad boys.
The foundation has twice invited Intertube denizens to submit and proportionately weight questions to the CPC on health care reform. In both cases, a majority of questions, and votes for them, showed strong support for single payer and frustration at Obama and the Axis of Baucus having kept it off the table.
Given that this show has only just gotten on the road, it’s understandable that the process by which the CPC responds to such questions has been a little kerchunky. On May 21, and then on June 4, Rep Keith Ellison moderated hour-long discussions on the House floor in which three or four CPC members gave largely extemporaneous floor speeches about health care reform; Ellison would occasionally interject one of the questions from the Intertubes, which a CPC member would then answer, to a greater or lesser degree of responsiveness. Darcy then edited these sessions into 6-minute clips, linkable from her web site (currently the only one up is from the June 4 session, although I’m certain I saw one from May 21 as well).
Anyone who doubts the strength of CPC support for single payer should, as I have, slog through the full hour-long sessions (note: your right and left keyboard arrows allow fast-forwarding or rewinding in 1-minute increments). Your doubts will be allayed. Nonetheless, you will also observe a fairly strict message discipline with respect to the public option concept.
The CPC position, certainly more edifying than HCAN’s, is, We support single payer, but if we can’t get it, we want the most robust public option possible. They also appear unconstrained from expressing the hope (in defiance of Obama’s current position) that a robust public option will grind for-profit insurers into dust, and pave the way for single payer. But when it comes to directly acknowledging the deficiencies of a public option vs single payer, the clear instruction is, “Here Be Monsters.”
Regarding this message discipline, have a look at this article by Russ Mokhiber, or even better, this interview on which it’s based, regarding a June 4 presentation given by former PNHP analyst Nick Skala to the CPC (prior to the videotaped floor session). This brings some context to the curiously and uncharacteristically petulant tone of this post by Darcy Burner in DKos two days later. “[W]herever I go,” she wrote, “I see a small vocal group viciously attacking progressives for fighting for a public option – because they think it would be better if we utterly lost while chanting about single payer.”
The Skala interview also provides context to the exchange he had with Burner in the comment thread to her post, starting with this comment, to which Skala attaches the full text of his presentation to the CPC. I must say that I don’t see much evidence of “viciousness” on Skala’s part in his testimony, any more than I saw it in the critiques of public option plans voiced by Drs Himmelstein and Wolfe in this May 22 segment of Bill Moyers Journal.
Sharp critiques of the public option concept are not in themselves attacks on people trying to ensure passage of the least objectionable incarnation of this idea. If some single-payer stalwarts are viciously attacking the CPC, I’ve certainly seen no evidence of it. When I joined with single-payer activist groups to lobby Congress last month, we never received instructions to tell progressive Representatives to support HR 676 to the exclusion of attempting to achieve a robust public option.
Indeed, most single-payer stalwarts recognize the exemplary role of CPC members in finally getting a House hearing on single payer, on continuing to push for CBO scoring of single payer and/or of Pete Stark’s HR 193 “Public Option on Steroids” bill (not the official title). However, I do draw a sharp distinction between CPC members, who support single payer openly and vocally, and groups like HCAN, whose efforts to suppress discussion of single payer reach the laughable extreme of treating Bill Moyers (!!!) as a nonperson. In their case, it’s a little late to accuse detractors of viciousness when they’re responding to deliberate censorship and marginalization.
I promised (potentially) constructive suggestions, didn’t I? FWIW:
I would ask that public option pragmatists try to adopt – or at least stop going ballistic over – the candid and quite valid critiques of the public option concept coming from single-payer stalwarts.
I am not asking CPC members (or other public option pragmatists) to change their strategic advocacy, well articulated here, for a robust public option. But I would ask them to be a little less cheery about it and to couch that vigorous support as coming “more in sorrow than assent,” given the unquestionable inferiority of public option to single payer.
I would further suggest messaging along the following lines:
We take seriously the concerns of credible and authoritative analysts who predict that even the strongest public option will come nowhere near achieving the proven economies and social benefits seen with single-payer and related systems throughout the world.
We nonetheless will support our president, by trying to maximize the capability of a public plan to succeed, through competition, in making the for-profit insurance companies “honest.”
Given the high uncertainty of such an effort vs the proven benefits of single payer, we propose that any health reform package passed this year contain a single payer trigger (or single payer “sunrise”) provision, by which the failure to reach certain defined benchmarks (eg, full coverage, reductions in total median consumer expenditures on health care, number of medical bankruptcies, etc.) will initiate the provisions of HR 676 (or equivalent).
I know the argument that any criticism of the public option concept, even from the single-payer side of the spectrum, is functionally equivalent to a Republican attack. I believe proper messaging can prevent this. But I’m too bushed to pursue the question in depth. Perhaps this can be explored in the comment thread, if any.
[end transmission]



18 Comments







Oh, what the hell. My eyes are getting droopy, I can’t fight off sleep much longer, and when I wake up and emerge from the pod, I’ll go take a job over at Chuck Schumer’s office slamming the phone receiver down on calls from California nurses.
There is another argument that deserves more attention and doesn’t fit your categories. And it leads to a somewhat different strategy. It’s only fair to give some credence to the view Obama has expressed, “if we were starting from scratch . . .” but since we’re not, other things follow.
The underlying point is that we have tens of millions of people insured by the for-profit insurance system, usually covered through work. So if the country decided that it’s policy would be to replace that system with a single payer model, you couldn’t pull that off overnight. No only do you have to create and put in place a set of different mechanisms; you have to get the public’s cooperation (never mind Congress’ support) for the transition that has to take place. People have to trust that what you’re going to do to them — and it is imposed — is okay because what they get will be better than what they have now. I don’t see the difficult of that persuasion effort reflected here. But let’s assume you could overcome that.
There are many features that would need to be put in place before the transition is complete.
So a possible strategy is to advocate for those measures that would need to be put in place in order to implement a single-payer system; enact them, build them, fund them, test them. Then when they’re all ready, make the change. Or you could phase in the pieces, and switch one piece at a time, if there were a way to sort that out. So this is not about whether the public plan captures all the savings of sp; I certainly have never claimed that.
A public plan could be designed to be one of the core features, but instead of moving from where we are to a single payer all at once, it would be an intermediate step, allowing you to phase in the essential features of single payer and let public choice both solve the problem of public persuasion and dictate the pace at which the displacement of the old system occurs.
My hypothesis (unproven, since no one has ever done this) is that if you define the public plan carefully, and then carefully design the market rules by which choice takes place, you get there. And I don’t care how that approach is characterized.
The hypothesis could be wrong, but I don’t think anyone can say for sure.
that could very well be so — and i also have no theoretical objection to going the gradualism route. my objection is only that in the current political environment, with the insurance lobby so very powerful, the rules won’t get written to facilitate a transition to single payer. it’s when the details of complicated regulations are being hammered out in back room deals out that lobbyists have the most power and the public has the hardest time following what is happening. the only way around that i can see to make the battles explicit and public instead.
but putting aside that concern… to do what you suggest effectively, the experts on single payer, the people who’ve studied the subject in depth, would be included in the discussions of what the key issues are to allow that process to occur.
and they’re just not. instead people like himmelstein and woolhandler have been being completely ignored by almost everyone involved (and even more importantly, likewise their critique of the current strategy). i’d love to see them and people like drsteveb (i’m sure there are many more i don’t know) being asked how could an incremental approach be designed so that road blocks to single payer would be avoided. and then incorporate that info into strategy (just a guess, but i actually think the cpc might have done some of that).
on the other side, i’m sure the insurance company lobbyists are in there fighting tooth and nail to make sure that if any legislation is enacted it comes loaded with all kinds of roadblocks to single payer.
That’s why Darcy Burner was so pissed at Nick Skala. She personally invited him to speak to CPC about how public option could best be positioned to transition to SP down the road, and his presentation, consistent yesterday’s PNHP testimony from Woolhandler and Young in the House, was essentially, Don’t bother; public option will fail.
In an email to me yesterday, Darcy wrote that she wished she had videotaped Skala’s presentation because, she asserts, he really did overtly attack the CPC as traitors, counter to the softer account he gave in the interview with Russ Mokhiber.
just my WAG (wild-assed-guess), but i think the problem is the timing.
last summer i think it might have worked (before all the public plan is just like single payer flack) but right now, the way it looks to me is that the big single payer advocates, after being ignored for all this time have finally at the very end of the process gotten a very little bit of a platform to speak — and the focus has had to almost entirely be trying to distinguish single payer from the public option. see for example drsteveb’s diary: Important Public Message: Public Option is NOT Single Payer. they are just trying to salvage what very little they can for when the shit hits the fan.
i think the current problems stem from the decision to exclude single payer advocates and experts from the beginning and the past year of flack to confuse/conflate single payer with other efforts (unopposed by anyone other than single payer advocates who almost no one in Serious progressive circles have been listening to anyway).
and by the way, i don’t blame the cpc for any of that. i actually think that it is the mainstream progressive organizations that let this happen (especially by supporting hcan — see moveon, etc) instead of having the back of the cpc members who genuinely support single payer and could have used some support themselves.
basically, we have sucked.
….. again though, this is just my wag.
a couple of things occurred to me as i thought more about this…..
1. wasn’t darcy’s grittv interview before the meeting with nick? if that’s correct, what’s darcy doing going around saying that the american public isn’t ready for single payer? (maybe i’m misremembering it or maybe it was a one time slip)
2. my impression is that the people who are saying that the public option can transition to single payer are NOT the single payer people. they are the public option advocates trying to drum up support from the single payer supporters.
if that’s true, then putting on my program manager hat, i’d ask people from the faction who are saying public option can transition to single payer to map that process out in some detail: what are the critical points, requirements, risks, contingencies, etc. then i’d ask some people from the single payer faction to critique that report and provide constructive feedback on the points where it is the weakest. one could go back and forth with this for awhile (and probably learn a lot), but the point i’m trying to make is that it’s not fair to ask someone to do something they don’t believe is going to work. imo the trick to creating a process to get the most from the various factions is to give them work that they can all believe in.
of course it’s quite possible that the pro-public option people also think that there isn’t a transition to single payer. that is after all what we’ve heard from some of them (including obama and sibelius). in which case we are sol.
…..
but none of the above is about messaging, which i think is what you wanted to discuss. so back on that topic, i’ve been trying to think about what i could do that would 1) be supportive of the whipping effort and 2) keep bringing up single payer in the context of it being the progressive solution and the public option the compromise.
i mostly suck at that kind of thing, but imo it’s worth thinking about because the only messaging i have any control over is my own.
Thanks, scarecrow. What you’re describing is basically public option serving as a gradual Trojan horse for single payer, for which the CPC and others, including me, have their fingers crossed. Obama has explicitly disavowed this scenario, but he’s brazenly betrayed other explicit commitments (FISA, DADT, State Secrets, etc.), and I’d certainly be pleased to see him betray one, for once, that was actually worth betraying. Especially since this would be a betrayal of his betrayal of single payer.
As I’ve said in other threads, I have no quarrel with gradualism, but I do think you overstate the logistical challenges of instituting SP somewhat. I mean, how long did it take between the enactment and institution of Medicare? True, times were simpler in 1965, but also computers were the size of my living back then and not widely available to people other than Robert Vaughn and David McCallum.
In any event, I think the far greater logistical challenge would be transitioning to single payer from the private/public monstrosity now in the offing vs biting the bullet on single payer from the get-go. Sadly, we will almost certainly never know.
Meanwhile, this article posted yesterday by the American Prospect’s Robert Kuttner succinctly summarizes my issues with the public option. He also makes the following point about the NYT/CBS poll:
I don’t think “Trojan horse” does full justice to what Scarecrow is proposing. If I read his posts correctly or have at least extrapolated from them fairly, he suggests that we settle on a set of requirements that all future healthcare systems must meet–single-payer, public option (whtever that ends up being), coops, and/or private/for-profit. Then and only then we evaluate all of them on how well they meet the requirements and how much they cost.
The idea is to prevent a “robust private option” from becoming a Trojan horse that destroys public health. To do that, we have to go beyond a vague phrase like “keeping the private insurers honest”. What we want is a public plan that establishes a baseline standard of care and a baseline cost that apply to any and all persons that choose to be covered. Then we have a concrete standard of both “robustness” and “honesty”.
I firmly believe that only a single-payer system is likely to come off well in such a comparison. Once we sweep aside the smoke and mirrors and look at the statistics, the rational choice seems pretty obvious. But who knows? Maybe the genius of free-enterprise can come up with something that provides top-quality care for all at a lower price while making a profit. If they can, more profit to them.
What you’re describing really goes to the heart of the single-payer trigger concept. We need benchmarks — based on indices of human health and individual economic security — by which to evaluate whether a public option system is achieving anywhere near the outcomes routinely seen in nations where a US-style insurance system is not allowed to exist. And if it’s not, then we pull the trigger on instituting an American version of the kinds of systems already proven to work. But this is gambling with people’s lives and fortunes, so the probationary period should not be protracted.
i agree.
first, there is the administrative infrastructure (the exchange, the regulatory oversight to attempt to control adverse selection being two issues we’ve recently discussed) that would have to be created and then destroyed.
second, assuming market rules could lead from multi payer to single payer would mean layoffs etc as private insurance companies consolidated and were squeezed out of the market in favor of the public option. that just strikes me as an unnecessary hardship on those affected. i’d much rather see an planned transition that takes care, as much as possible, of those people. things that have been included in hr 676 (priority in hiring, 2 years of unemployment benefits, etc).
[living room]
Long ago in grad school, I spent a semester studying social change theories and movements. What Scarecrow has articulated above reminds me of those materials. One of my favorite independent study resources then was Amitai Etzioni’s mammouth book, The Active Society. One of his major principles, as I remember it,was that real substantive change comes incrementally and through the give and take from among multiple actor groups with sometimes competing perspectives. My hunch is that what we are witnessing is rather like that process. What I don’t know is whether we’ll end up with real change.
The problem of course is that there is no level advocacy playing field so the status quo/maximizing profit crowd gets the hearing, buys the air time, and the rest of us are limited to calls, emails, demonstrations,and issue parties to mobilize more of the former acts.
Several weeks ago in Time or Newsweek there was a significant article on how the White House chooses its goals and strategies based upon behavioral research findings. Sorry I don’t have the cite, but I was reminded of that in an article at HuffPost today (sorry again, don’t have the cite) in which the author says that they have to move in a trojan horse manner (my words)as it were, in order to disarm the raging panic of the private sector institutions and the frightened general public who are fearful they’ll “lose their doctors” or whatever else is dear to their hearts. It seems to me that the “left” doesn’t capitalize more on the former, except among themselves and that might be a strategic choice in order to calm the raging waters. Surely the right is capitalizing on the latter, and all of Obama’s assurances that folks don’t have to leave their doctors, etc., may not be enough to save the day.
What I particularly found of interest in yesterdays health care comments at the presser was his talking quite strongly about the reality that the
Medicare Advantage plans are “beastly” – my word – expensive and we can no longer afford the for-profit folks costs within those plans. In my own case, my own MA plan costs have essentially doubled this year and I anticipate a sizeable jump for 2010, though I don’t have any documentation that HealthNet is planning that.
Thanks and blessings to all,
Thanks, marchan1940. I’m not clear on what exactly it is you feel the “left” isn’t capitalizing on; could you elaborate?
re messaging, drsteveb had this suggestion recently:
ralphbon – you are kinder to hcan than i would be. from the very beginning, in the choice of the name (so similar to the name of the single payer advocacy group, Healthcare-NOW!), the efforts to exclude single payer, to confuse and conflate what they were doing with single payer have been beyond the pale (some background here, here and here).
here’s a youtube with a recent example (still saying public plan is single payer)
ralphbon
caught this late, but so very glad I did. fabulously informative and I lurvvvve the inside baseball stuff. you published on the day of latest Whip Launch, hope there’s a way for more folks involved in the action to see this excellent (and pleasantly reassuring) intel – it will certainly better inform my efforts
Honored. Do note that my estimation of the CPC’s “message discipline” was based on my extrapolations from the Skala dustup and ensuing Kos diary, plus my viewing of the unabridged CPC video answer sessions, to which I link above. Darcy has responded to me that CPC members are not hamstrung from critiquing the public option concept, and we certainly see good examples of that from some of the more single-payer-stalwart CPC members, like Dennis K and John Conyers.
Oh, selise I agree with everything you’ve written here. And you know that no one around here is tougher on HCAN than me, except for you. But they are useful, to mix metaphors, in slaying the low-hanging dragons (the swiftboaters et al).